煤巷掘进临时支护技术与装备研究进展及发展路径

Temporary support serves as the vanguard for permanent support in coal mine roadways and plays a crucial role in the process of roadway excavation. Its efficiency in time and space directly determines the effectiveness of roadway excavation and subsequent support operations. Therefore,the research and development of efficient temporary support technologies and equipment are key areas of focus in coal mine excavation. This article highlights the research progress and applications of various temporary support technologies and equipment,includingtraditional simple-style supports,airborne supports,self-moving supports and new types of temporary support robots. A comparative analysis is conducted to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of different types of equipment. The article identifies the key core issues in temporary support in coal mines in China:1 ) the intelligent upgrade of temporary support equipment,and 2 ) the development of temporary support robots with intelligent sensing,adaptive support force,and support posture adjustment optimization. Based on the practical requirements of coal mine production and the direction of the coal industry's development,the article presented the development trends of temporary support technologies and equipment in coal mines as:1 ) the development of integrated systems for fast excavation,support,anchoring,and transportation,with a comprehensive consideration of system engineering to balance and optimize various process cycles;2 ) real-time monitoring technology for dynamic interaction between "surrounding rock" and support,enabling real-time adjustment of excavation processes and temporary support parameters in response to changes in surrounding rock conditions;3 ) unmanned intelligent control of coal mine excavation and support through the intelligent upgrade of temporary support equipment;4 ) the development of advanced intelligent exploration-excavation-support technologies based on "transparent" mines,enabling intelligent sensing and adaptive adjustment of excavation-anchor-support equipment.